What is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Nephrotic syndrome is a group of symptoms including protein in the urine, low blood proteins levels, high cholesterol levels and swelling.
Nephrotic syndrome is caused by disorders that damage the kidneys. The most common cause in children is minimal change disease, and in adults it is membranous glomerulonephritis. It can also occur as a result of infection, use or certain drugs or other diseases like cancers and genetic disorders.
How common is Nephrotic Syndrome?
Nephrotic syndrome can affect all age groups, but it is most common in children between the ages of 2 and 6. Nephrotic syndrome occurs slightly more in males than in females.
What are the symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome?
Swelling is the most common symptom of nephrotic syndrome, and may occur in the face, in the arms and legs and in the stomach. It can also cause cholesterol deposits on the face, foamy urine, weight gain, poor appetite and raised blood pressure.
How is Nephrotic Syndrome treated?
Treatment aims to relieve symptoms, prevent complications and delay kidney damage, and may be needed for life. Controlling blood pressure is the most important part of treating nephrotic syndrome.
Lifestyle changes might be recommended, like a low salt diet, low protein diet, and vitamin D. Medications to control cholesterol levels may be required, as might other drugs that suppress the immune system.
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